Eucalyptus dissimulata subsp. plauta, a new taxon from WA, described by Nicolle & French. Photo: D. Nicolle.

The State Herbarium of South Australia published two articles in Vol. 35 of its journal Swainsona online, today, 18 Nov. 2021.

(1) D. Nicolle & M.E. French. A taxonomic revision of the semi-cryptic narrow-leaved mallees (Eucalyptus series Porantherae, Myrtaceae) from southern Australia. (61mb PDF).

In this large 80-page-monograph, based on extensive observations in the field and herbarium over the last 30 years, the authors revise the semi-cryptic ‘narrow-leaved mallees’, Eucalyptus ser. Porantherae, from southern Australia. They recognise a total of 23 species and 6 subspecies, many of which are described in this paper for the first time. For all taxa in the series, updated descriptions and distributions are provided (including distribution maps), as well as an identification key to the series.

(2) M. Wapstra. Hibbertia mathinnicola (Dilleniaceae), a new endemic species from northeastern Tasmania. (1.6mb PDF).

The new species Hibbertia mathinnicola. Photo. M. Wapstra.

The author describes and illustrates a new endemic species of Hibbertia that is highly localised to northeastern Tasmania. Plants of this species have previously been identified as Hibbertia calycina (DC.) N.A.Wakef., but this species now considered to be restricted to mainland Australia.

To access content of all volumes of Swainsona and the Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens since Vol. 1 (1976), please visit the journal’s web-site at flora.sa.gov.au/swainsona or the Swainsona back-up site.

The State Herbarium of South Australia published one lichenological paper in Vol. 35 of its journal Swainsona online, today, 29 Oct. 2021.

G. Kantvilas & A.M. Fryday, Validation of Henry Imshaug’s “Ochrolechia alectoronica” (lichenised Ascomycetes, Pertusariales), with notes on O. weymouthii Jatta and a key to the genus Ochrolechia in Tasmania. (2mb PDF).

The authors discuss two species of Ochrolechia and provide a key to all Tasmanian species. One new species is described, Ochrolechia alectoronica, using a manuscript name by Imshaug, that he used on many specimens from two islands in New Zealand’s Southern Ocean: the Auckland and Campbell islands. The species is also found in Tasmania, as is the closely related O. weymouthii, which occurs in Tasmania and Victoria.

More information about Henry Imshaug’s collections, the main set of which is held at the Michigan State University Herbarium (MSU), can be found in an article by Fryday & Prather (130kb PDF).

Ochrolechia alectoronica, a new lichen species from Tasmania and New Zealand’s Campbell & Auckland islands. Photo: J. Jarman.

To access content of all volumes of Swainsona and the Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens since Vol. 1 (1976), please visit the journal’s web-site at flora.sa.gov.au/swainsona or the Swainsona back-up site.

In 2016 and 2017, State Herbarium of South Australia botanists participated in two Bush Blitz expeditions to Lake Torrens and the Great Victoria Desert. The two reports on the collections and findings about plants, fungi and algae were submitted to Bush Blitz soon after the field trips. Part of the information was presented in the official Bush Blitz survey reports, but not the full data.

The detailed reports on both expeditions are now available:

(1) Lang, P.J., Kellermann, J., Bell, G.H., Brodie, C.J., Vonow, H.P. & Waycott, M. (2018). Lake Torrens Bush Blitz survey: Vascular plants, cyanobacteria, algae, bryophytes, lichens and macrofungi. Report for Bush Blitz, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. (State Herbarium of South Australia: Adelaide). (5.1mb PDF).

The 2016 Bush Blitz Survey to Lake Torrens and five adjoining pastoral leases provided an opportunity to greatly increase the knowledge on the flora of the area. The preceding seasonal rainfall provided high quality conditions for plant growth and flowering and also the presence of water in areas of Lake Torrens and surrounds. A total of 382 unique taxa were recorded on the survey, comprising 358 vascular plants, 1 bryophyte, 4 algae, and 7 cyanobacteria; 12 lichens were also recorded.

Significantly, 32 vascular plant taxa and 6 cryptogams (1 bryophyte, 3 cyanobacteria, 2 algae) were recorded from the study area for the first time.

Including previous records, this resulted in a total of 699 vascular plants for the survey area, of which 30 are introduced, weedy plants. Five of the weed taxa are highlighted as needing control measures while they are still in low numbers. The remaining 25 weed taxa are of low concern, but should be monitored. In total, 60 cryptogams are recorded for the area, including 18 bryophytes, 4 algae, 7 cyanobacteria, 12 lichens and 19 fungi. Non-lichenous fungi are covered in a separate report by T. Lebel, but the 16 taxa recorded on survey are also listed in Appendix III.

The survey resulted in the collection of 996 specimens and complementary observational records. Leaf samples in silica gel for future DNA analysis were collected from almost all specimens.

The Botany Team processing plants at McCormack Reserve, Roxby Down Station, during the Lake Torrens expedition. Photo: P.J. Lang.

(2) Lang, P.J., Kellermann, J., Bell, G.H., Canty, P.D. & Waycott, M. (2019). Great Victoria Desert Bush Blitz: Vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens and macrofungi. Report for Bush Blitz, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. (State Herbarium of South Australia: Adelaide). (2.4mb PDF).

The 2017 Bush Blitz Survey to the Great Victoria Desert (GVD) targeted Mamungari Conservation Park (CP) and the adjoining area of the Maralinga Tjarutja Lands. It provided an opportunity to greatly increase the knowledge on the flora of the area.

The survey resulted in the collection of 660 specimens with nearly all the vascular plant collections having duplicate samples for PERTH herbarium plus leaf tissue samples in silica gel for future DNA analysis. The collections comprise 539 vascular plants, 25 bryophytes, 18 macrofungi and 78 lichens. These represent 358 unique taxa (excluding hybrids and intergrades), comprising 319 vascular plants, 9 bryophytes, 12 macrofungi and 18 lichens.

A validated checklist for the area was compiled, incorporating ALA specimen based records. The total number of accepted vascular plant taxa is 529 for the GVD study area and 436 for Mamungari CP. The Bush Blitz Survey resulted in a total of 48 vascular plant taxa beingcollected from the study area for the first time, with two of these also new records for South Australia (SA).

The checklist for cryptogams comprises 73 taxa (20 bryophytes, 19 fungi and 34 lichens), but due to limitations of available historical data this is not a definitive list for those groups. Four of the cryptogam taxa collected on survey are potentially new to SA.

Escarpment at the western edge of Serpentine Lakes in Mamungari Conservation Park, Great Victoria Desert. Photo: P.D. Canty.

The official Bush Blitz Survey Reports of the two expeditions with lists of recorded plants and animals, as well as an overview map, are available here:

• • Great Victoria Desert (2017)
  • Lake Torrens (2016)

Reports for previous Bush Blitz expeditions in South Australia can be accessed here:

• • Hiltaba Nature Reserve and Gawler Ranges (2012)
  • Bon Bon Station Reserve (2010)
  • Witchelina Reserve (2010)

Compiled by State Herbarium botanist Jürgen Kellermann.

The State Herbarium of South Australia published three articles in Vol. 35 of its journal Swainsona online, today, 16 August 2021.

(1) S. Dema, I.R.H. Telford, R.L. Andrew, D.J. Duval & J.J. Bruhl, Phebalium calcicola (Rutaceae: Boronieae): a species described as new, restricted to south-eastern South Australia, is proposed as Critically Endangered. (7.7mb PDF).

The authors describe a new species of Phebalium, which is only known from a small population near Mount Gambier. The species is described and illustrated in detail, and compared with its closest relatives. It grows on shallow soil over limestone, hence the name is derived from the Latin calx (limestone) and cola (dweller).

Phebalium calcicola, a new species for South Australia. Photo: D.J. Duval.

(2) T.A. Hammer & R.W. Davis, Ptilotus crinitus (Amaranthaceae), a new species from Western Australia’s Kimberley region. (1.1mb PDF).

Ptilotus crinitus, part of the type specimen. Photo: PERTH.

This new species from northern Western Australia is only known from one collection in a remote coastal area in the northern Kimberley. This study evaluates the morphology of this specimen and concludes that it warrants recognition at species rank. Its closest relatives are Phebalium distans and P. capensis.

(3) R.W.Davis, J. Palmer & T.A. Hammer, Gomphrena axillaris and G. longistyla (Amaranthaceae), new species of Gomphrena from central and northern Australia. (1.7mb PDF).

Gomphrena is one of the largest genera in Amaranthaceae. In this paper, several phrase names and manuscript names from northern and central Australia (WA, NT & Qld) are evaluated. As a result, two new species are described.

To access content of all volumes of Swainsona and the Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens since Vol. 1 (1976), please visit the journal’s web-site at flora.sa.gov.au/swainsona or the Swainsona back-up site.

Herbarium specimen of Euphorbia davidii, collected west of Caltowie from a localised but substantial population that was spreading into paddocks from the roadside. Photo: C.J. Brodie.

The State Herbarium of South Australia documents all known plant taxa (species, sub-species, varieties and forms) native and naturalised (weedy) in South Australia. These are listed in the Census of South Australian Plants, Algae and Fungi. All newly discovered State and regional records are added to the Census throughout the year. These records are based on preserved plant specimens, verified by a botanists and housed in the vaults of the State Herbarium.

For all new records of non-native plants, an annual report is produced by Weeds Botanist Chris Brodie and colleagues from the State Herbarium. The report includes the list of new weeds recorded for South Australia with locations, descriptions and photographs. Also documented are updates to taxa that have had a change in distribution, weed status or name. Other activities carried out by Weeds Botanist are also summarised, such as field trips or presentations to community groups.

The latest report is now available online:

Brodie, C.J. & Lang, P.J. (2021). Regional Landscape Surveillance for New Weed Threats Project, 2020-2021: Annual report on new plant naturalisations in South Australia. (2.2mb PDF)

Also available for download are last year’s 2019-20 report (16mb PDF), as well as the reports for 2018-19 (4.2mb PDF), 2017-18 (4.5mb PDF), 2016-17 (3.8mb PDF) and a compilation of all reports from 2010 to 2016 (3.7mb PDF).

These reports highlight to land managers, which non-native plant species have recently been found in South Australia and where. New records are listed as either “naturalised/established” (*) or “questionably naturalised/established” (?e).

At the end of June 2021, there were 5144 vascular plant taxa recognised in South Australia, of which 1618 are weeds, i.e. 31%. This year, 8 new weeds have been added to the Census; and over the last ten years, Chris Brodie’s weed surveys have discovered 244 new naturalised plants.

Continue reading →